Change-speed gear.



0. J. PAULSON.

CHANGE SPEED GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED mum, 1912.

Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

2 BHEETB-SIIEET 1.

1] HI ll Illllblll COLUMBIA PLANOURAPM C0" WASHINGTON. D- C.

UNITED sTATEs rn rnu'r OFFICE.

CHARLES J'. PAULSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT T.NOTHACKER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

CHANGE-SPEED GEAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

Application filed February 8, 1912. Serial No. 676,216.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. PAULso s, a subject of the King ofSweden, residing in Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Change Speed Gears,of which the following is a spec1fication.

My present invention relates to an improvement in progressive changespeed gears for use in power transmission in machines or vehicles, orwhere such type of speed change mechanism is required.

One of the advantages of this improve ment is that the gears, driversand driven, are always in mesh, thus obviating the clashing of teethcharacteristic of the well known types, wherein the gears are shiftedfrom one position to another for rotative engage ment. Another advantageis that owing to the method of engaging and locking the desired gearstogether, harmful effects to the teeth are prevented, the shock ofengagement being transmitted through a plurality of teeth and beingabsorbed by the full breadth or contacting area thereof.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View of my device withthe upper cover removed and shown partly in section. Fig. 2 is asectional view taken on line 11, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view of one of thedriven gears showing a modification. Fig. 1 is a view in elevation ofone of the co-acting parts. Fig. 5 is a view of another driven gear inits preferred form. In Fig. 6 is shown, in perspective, one of theseparating cylinders. Fig. 7 is a modification of my device shown inFig. 1. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of my device taken on the line 7-7,Fig. 7

In Fig. 1 the gear members 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, are shown as being inengagement with one another, the driving members 1, 5, and 6 beingfixedly mounted on driving shaft 7, and the driven members 1, 2, and 3being freely mounted upon the shifting shaft 8.

The shifting shaft 8 has arranged thereon a plurality of rectangulardriving members 9, 10, and 11. These driving members may be integrallyformed on the said shifting shaft 8, and are so spaced apart that whenthe shaft is in the position shown in Fig. 1,

the square dog 9 is in a recess 9' which is arranged in the said gear 3,the said recess having a shape similar to that shown in Fig. 5, or itmay be arranged as shown in Fig. 3, at 9". It will be noted that whenthe dog 9 is engaged as described, the two dogs 10 and 11 are in suchposition that the driven gears l and 2 are free to rotate accordingly asthe driving gears 1 and 5 effect them, whereas the speed of shiftingshaft 8 is directly cont-rolled by the relation of the driving gear tothe driven gear 3. When it is required that the shifting shaft 8 bedriven at a speed pro-determined by gears 5 and 2, the hand lever 12 isoperated in the direction of the arrow causing the dog 9 to leave-itsrecess and advance the dog 10 into engagement with the recess 10 and thedriven gear 2. The ratio of speed between the two shafts 7 and 8 wouldthen be directly proportionate to the ratio between the gears 5 and 2. Afurther advance of the shifting shaft 8 by the before described means,causes dog 9 to change its position and dog 10 will pass through intothe chamber 10 of gear 2, and dog 11 will then pass into and engage inthe recess 11 of driven gear 1. The ratio of rotation be tween shafts 7and 8 will then be the same as the proportions between the drive gear 1and drive gear 1, the other driven gears, 2 and 3, being free to rotateon shaft 8 as they are driven by their corresponding drive members 5 and6.

It is obvious that to reduce speed, the reverse operation of theshifting shaft 8 through the lever 12 will cause the dogs 11, 10, and 9to successively engage their respective gears until finally the dog 9becomes finally engaged with its respective gear 3. A mutual position ofnon-engagement of the gears is provided as indicated by the dotted linea, so that when the dog 9 is in said position all of the other dogs arealso in neutral position, thereby permitting a free rotation of thedriven gears 1, 2, and 3, without any corresponding rotation of theshifting shaft 8. 1

It will be noted by referring to Fig. 1 that the driven gears 1, 2 and 3are spaced in their revolving positions by means of a pair ofcylindrical separators b and c, similar to that shown in Fig. 6. Thegears 1 and 3 have arranged therein annular grooves e and f; thesegrooves having arranged therein a plurality of balls against which theends of the said separators bear.

On the middle driven gear 2, there are arranged a pair of chamberedcollars 13 and 14, one of which is shown more in detail in Fig. 4, andas being split through the center for the purpose of permitting the easyremoval or disassembly of the parts when so required. Likewise, thebearings15 and 16 are of the usual type, being split near the centerthereof permitting quick removal of the shifting shaft 8 and its mountedgears.

The before mentioned split collars 13 and 14 v are attached to thedriven gear 2 by suitable means, such as a plurality of bolts or screwsi 17 and 18, and they have arranged in the end thereof annular groovessimilar to that described for the driven members 1 and 3. 1

These annular grooves, h and 2', also have a series of balls arrangedtherein and the opposite ends of the collars b and c are inset intothese grooves, and when the three gears are mounted in the housing orcasin 24, as

a spool 23 is arranged, this being of the conventional type ofconnecting means between the two mentioned members.

In Fig. 5 is shown a side View of the gear 2 with an opening 10, whichis similar to the openings or recesses 9 and 11 in gears 3 and 1,respectively, and while these openings or recesses may be ofsubstantially rectangular form a modification may also be made, asindicated in Fig. 3, where another rectangular opening is cut onequarter way around, thus leaving an opening of substantially star shapedformation, 9". It is obvious that while in Fig. 5 there are fourpositions during the rotation of the gear at which the dogs may becaused to engage, in Fig. 3 the positions are doubled thus allowingentry at eight points without materially weakening the engaging faces ofthe openings or the strength of the gear.

In Fig. 7 is shown a modification of the device shown in Fig. 1, and inmany respects is similar with the exception of the reverse gear beingarranged therein. A plurality of gears 31, 32 and 33 are arranged upon aslidable shaft 34, saidshaft being mounted also for rotation in thebearings 35 and 36 and 11, in Fig. 1. A second dog member 39 is arrangedso as to operate through the interior of the gears 31, 32 and 33, andwhen the dog 38 is in a dotted posit-ion shown at X, the dog 39 will bein engagement with the gear 31, and when the dog is shifted again toposition Y from X the dog 39 will be in engagement with .the gear 32;and again when the dog 38 has been moved to the position Z, the dog 39is in engagement with gear 33. The three gears 31, 32, and 33 are somounted as to have roller or ball bearing mountings therebetween,similar to that indicated at 40. A separator 41 separates said gears 31,32 and 33 from the reverse gear, and ball thrust bearing members 42 and43 are placed at opposite ends of the said shift gear members for thesame purposes in the same positions as those described for 19 and 20 inFig. 1. A second shaft 44 is mounted parallel to the first shaft 34, andhas mounted thereon a plurality of gears 45, 46, 47, and 48. The lastthree of said gears perform the same function as those described forgears 4, 5, and 6, Fig. 1, and are fixedly mounted upon said shaft 44and rotatable therewith, the said shaft 44 being fixedly mountedlongitudinally but free to rotate. The reverse gear 45 is arranged inopposition to the said gears 46, 47, and 48, and is also fixedlyattached to the shaft 44. Ball thrust bearings 49 and 50 are alsoarranged on the shaft and between the gears and bearings 56 and 57. Allof the mechanism is held in operative engagement and position and ismounted in the housing 51, the same having arranged thereon suitablesupport bearings for the entire mechanism. An intermediate or idle gear52 is mounted upon the said housing at one side thereof and so arrangedas to rotate between gears 37 and 45; and when the said shaft 44 iscaused to rotate, the gear 37 is rotated in a direction opposite to itsmate members 31, 32, and A shifting lever 53, shown as suitably mountedat a pivotal point 54, is arranged to engage in a collar 55 attached toone end of the shaft 34., thereby affording means for shifting the shaft34 similar to that described for Fig. 1.

Having thus descrlbed my invention, I claim:

1. In a change speed gearing, the combination of a sliding shaft, a setof gears rotatable on the shaft, an engaging member on the shaft havinga series of projections thereon, each of the gears having in the wall oftheir bore depressions arranged to receive the projections on the shaftas the same is slid along, said depressions being a multiple of the saidprojections whereby the gears can be engaged by the shaft in differ entpositions to be actuated by the shaft.

2. In a change speed gearing, the combination of a shaft, a gear havinga bore and engaging the shaft to be rotated thereon, a second gearmember having a bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, anda third gear member positioned intermediate of said gears with its borelarger than and free from said shaft, said intermediate gear beingrotatably supported by the said other gears.

8. In a change speed gearing, the combination of a shaft, a gear havinga bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, a second gearmember having a bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, anda third gear member positioned intermediate of said gears with its borelarger than and free from said shaft, said intermediate gear beingrotatably supported by the said other gears, said shaft having anengaging member, and said gears having abutment portions in their boresarranged to be engaged alternately by said projection upon endwisemovement of the shaft whereby either one of the gears can beindependently engaged with the shaft to be rotatable. therewith.

at. In a change speed gearing, the combination of a shaft, a gear havinga bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, a second gearmember having a bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, athird gear member positioned intermediate of said gears with its borelarger than and free from said shaft, said intermediate gear beingrotatably supported by the said other gears, said shaft having anengaging member, said gears having abutment portions in their boresarranged to be engaged alternately by said projection upon endwisemovement of the shaft whereby either one of the gears can beindependently engaged with the shaft to be rotatable therewith, a secondshaft, three gears fast on the second shaft and in engagement with saidthree gears respectively to be driven by either one of the latter gearsthat is engaged by the shaft by said projection, a reversing gear looseon the first mentioned shaft, a reversing gear fast on the second shaft,a connecting gear meshing with two said reversing gears, a secondprojection on said first mentioned shaft, the reversing gear on saidshaft having an abutment portion arranged to be engaged by said latterprojection upon endwise movement of the shaft in which the said threegears are out of connection with the said first mentioned projection,whereby the second shaft will be rotated in a direction the reverse tothat rotated by either of the said first mentioned gears.

5. In a change speed gearing, the combination of a shaft, a gear havinga bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, a second gearmember having a bore and engaging the shaft to be rotatable thereon, athird gear member positioned intermediate of said gears with its borelarger than and free from said shaft, said intermediate gear beingrotatably supported by the said other gears, said shaft having anengaging member, said gears having abutment portions in their boresarranged to be engaged alternately by said projection upon endwisemovement of the shaft whereby either one of the gears can beindependently engaged with the shaft to be rotatable therewith, a secondshaft, three gears fast on the second shaft and in engagement with saidthree gears respectively to be driven by either one of the latter gearsthat is engaged by the shaft by said projection, a reversing gear looseon the first mentioned shaft, a reversing gear fast on the second shaft,a connecting gear meshing with said two reversing gears, a secondprojection on said first mentioned shaft, the reversing gear on saidshaft having an abutment portion arranged to be engaged by said latterprojection upon endwise movement of the shaft in which the said threegears are out of connection with the said first mentioned projection,whereby the second shaft will be rotated in a direction the reverse tothat rotated by either of the said first mentioned gears, a

thrust bearing on the first mentioned shaft engaging one of said threegear members, a thrust bearing on the opposite portion of the shaftengaging the said reverse gear thereon, and a sleeve member surroundingthe said first mentioned shaft and offset therefrom, one of itsextremities engaging the reversing gear on said shaft and its otherextremity engaging one of said three gears on the shaft to permit freemovement of the projection on the shaft for engaging the reversing gear.

6. In a change speed gearing, a shaft, a gear rotatably engaging theshaft and having an annular projection on one side whose bore is off-setfrom the shaft, a second gear on the shaft having a large bore off-setfrom the shaft, said second gear having a recessed bore into whichprojects the extension on said gear, a third gear on the shaft beyondthe second gear having a bore surrounding the shaft and off-settherefrom, the third gear having an annular recess in one side intowhich projects a portion of the second gear, whereby the second gear issupported off-set from the shaft by the said first and third gears, theshaft having a projection thereon slidable in the off-set bore portionsof the said three gears,said gears each havwhich the second shaft isrotated When any ing abutment portions for engagement reof said firstthree gears are engaged by the spectively with the projection the thirdprojection 011 their supporting shaft.

gear having an extension containing a bore CHARLES J. PAULSON. andengaging said shaft, a second shaft, i/Vitnesses:

three gears fast on the second shaft and en- A. J. NOTHAOKER,

gaging said three gears respectively by H. D. PENNEY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

